Traveling abroad for the first time?
A passport is one of the most important things you’ll need — and getting the basics right can save you time, stress, and last-minute surprises. In this guide, you’ll learn what a passport is, what it’s used for, what information it contains, how to apply, and what to do if you need one urgently.
What is a passport, and what is it used for?
A passport is a government-issued travel document that serves as proof of your identity and citizenship. In most cases, you need a valid passport to travel internationally and enter another country.
A passport is also commonly required when you:
- Apply for a visa
- Check in for international flights (or complete airline identity checks)
- Pass immigration controls
- Complete certain formalities abroad (for example, hotel check-ins or SIM card registration in some countries)
What information does a passport contain?
Most passports include:
- Full name.
- Date of birth.
- Nationality.
- Passport number.
- Date of issue and expiration date.
- Issuing authority.
- A photo of the holder.
- Biometric information (in e-passports).
It’s also necessary to apply for visas, find work abroad, purchase a SIM card, rent accommodation, and carry out many other activities.
What does a passport allow you to do?
A passport allows you to:
- Travel internationally (in most situations).
- Prove your identity and citizenship abroad.
- Return to your country of citizenship (subject to normal border procedures).
In some regions, certain citizens may travel using a national ID instead of a passport (for example, within specific free-movement areas). Always check the entry rules for your destination.
What documents do you need to apply for a passport?
The exact requirements depend on your country, but applicants typically need:
- Proof of identity (such as a government-issued ID)
- Proof of citizenship (such as a birth certificate or citizenship certificate)
- A passport photo (passport-style photo)
- A completed application form
- Parental/guardian consent for minors (if applicable)
Depending on your situation, you may also need extra documentation (for example, a name change document such as a marriage certificate or court order). Treat this list as a general reference and confirm the requirements with your issuing authority.
What are the main types of passports?
Common passport types include:
- Regular (ordinary) passport: issued to citizens for standard travel (tourism, business, etc.)
- Diplomatic passport: issued to individuals traveling on official diplomatic assignments
- Official or service passport: issued to government personnel traveling for official duties (varies by country)
How long is a passport valid for?
Validity periods vary by country. Many countries issue adult passports valid for up to 10 years, and children’s passports for a shorter period (often 5 years), but this is not universal.
Before you travel, check your passport’s expiration date. Many destinations require your passport to be valid for a minimum period beyond your travel dates (often 6 months, but not always). Entry rules differ by country, so verify requirements before booking.
Where do you apply for a passport?
Depending on your country, you may be able to apply through:
- A government passport office or agency
- Designated acceptance facilities (such as post offices or local government offices)
- Your country’s embassy or consulate if you’re abroad
Always review the official requirements and photo rules before applying — errors and missing documents are among the most common reasons applications get delayed.
Can you get a passport in one day?
In some countries, expedited or urgent passport services exist for travelers with immediate plans. These services typically:
- Cost more than standard processing
- Require an in-person appointment
- Require proof of urgent travel (depending on the issuing authority)
Availability and timelines vary significantly, so check with your passport authority as early as possible.
What should you do if you lose your passport?
If your passport is lost or stolen:
- Report it as soon as possible (to the appropriate authority, and sometimes to local police, depending on your country’s guidance).
- Contact your embassy or consulate if you’re abroad.
- Ask about emergency travel documents or replacement procedures.
Can you travel without a passport?
In most cases, you need a passport for international travel. Some limited exceptions exist depending on your citizenship and destination (for example, travel within certain regional agreements or special border arrangements). Always confirm entry rules for your destination and your airline’s document requirements.
Can you travel with your old passport while renewing it?
This depends on your country’s renewal process and the destination’s entry rules. In many cases, if your passport is still valid and remains in your possession, you can travel with it. However, some renewal processes require you to submit your current passport, which would make travel impossible until it’s returned. Check the renewal instructions before making travel plans.
What can cause a passport application to be delayed or refused?
Common issues include:
- Missing documents or incomplete forms.
- Incorrect passport photo format.
- Unpaid fees.
- Inconsistencies in your information (name, date of birth, identity details).
- Legal restrictions that vary by country (in rare cases).
To reduce the risk of delays, follow the official checklist, use compliant photos, and double-check your information before submitting.
